↑ Foote, Daniel H. (2011). Law in Japan: A Turning Point. Washington: University of Washington Press. ISBN0295801352.
↑ Senda, Minoru; Matsuo, Masato (1977). 明治維新研究序説―維新政権の直轄地― [An introduction to research of the Meiji Restoration: The powers of the government]. Tokyo, Japan: Kaimei Shoin.